First professional woman artist
Internationally renowned
Portraitist to nobility
Household breadwinner
In 1577 Fontana married the minor painter Gian Paolo Zappi. He was willing to subordinate his career to her own; he also became her agent. After her marriage, Fontana sometimes signed her work with her married name. She enjoyed the patronage of the family of Pope Gregory XIII and painted the likenesses of many eminent people. In addition to her career as an artist, she was the mother of 11 children.
Art critics surmise that Zappi also painted some of the drapery and background in Fontana's paintings.
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Bianca degli Utili Maselli surrounded by her five sons, one daughter, slightly dazed dog, & bird. Fantastic study in family resemblance & textile complementarity by Lavinia Fontana of Bologna,
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Lavinia Fontana, (born 1552, Bologna [Italy]—died August 11, 1614, Rome), Italian painter of the Mannerist school and one of the most important portraitists in Bologna during the late 16th century. She was one of the first women to execute large, publicly commissioned figure paintings.
Fontana studied with her father, Prospero Fontana (c. 1512–97), a minor painter of the school of Bologna, who taught his daughter to paint in the Mannerist style. By the late 1570s she was known in Bologna for painting fine portraits, including Self-portrait at the Harpischord and the very formal Gozzadini Family (1584). The attention to detail in her portraits is reminiscent of the work of another northern Italian Renaissance painter, Sofonisba Anguissola. Fontana’s works were admired for their vibrant colour and the detail of the clothes and jewelry that her subjects wore.
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Woman with very cheerful little pooch, painted by Lavinia Fontana of Bologna.
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Stay away from my sweet doggie! Threatening look from Costanza Alidosi in 1594, as recorded by Lavinia Fontana
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She made great strides in the field of portraiture, which garnered her fame within and beyond Italy. In fact, Fontana is regarded as the first woman artist, working within the same sphere as her male counterparts, outside a court or convent.
At age 25, Fontana married a fellow painter from a noble family, who acted as his wife’s assistant and managed their growing household, For 20 years beginning in the 1580s, Fontana was the portraitist of choice among Bolognese noblewomen. She also painted likenesses of important individuals connected with the University of Bologna.
Fontana’s fame spread to Rome, where she moved in 1604. There she became a portraitist at the court of Pope Paul V and was the recipient of numerous honors, including a bronze portrait medallion cast in 1611 by sculptor and architect Felice Antonio Casoni.
NMWA EXHIBITIONS
Italian Women Artists from Renaissance to Baroque, 2007
An Imperial Collection: Women Artists from the State Hermitage Museum, 2003
Lavinia Fontana of Bologna (1552-1614), 1998
Four Centuries of Women's Art: The National Museum of Women in the Arts, 1990–91
Online